Factors that affect woman’s infertility

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)is an infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes due to chlamydia, gonorrhea or other sexually transmitted infection. Scaring internal or external of the fallopian tube which can be as a result of PID untreated is capable of blocking an egg from traveling down to tube to getting fertilized.

It can also block an embryo from moving to the uterus which could affect your fertility. If you have pelvic inflammatory disease your chances of getting pregnant is very low, cause when you have pelvic inflammatory disease, Bacterial can easily block the fallopian tube and cause inflammation of the fallopian tube which could take a while after treatment. Women develop PID when certain bacteria, such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae move upward from a woman’s vagina or cervix into her reproductive organs. PID can lead to infertility and permanent damage of a woman’s reproductive organs if not well treated as soon as possible.

Symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease include:

• Abnormal and heavy vaginal discharge with unpleasant odour.
• Abnormal uterine bleeding, especially during or after intercourse, or between menstrual cycle.
• Pain during intercourse
• Lower Abdominal and pelvic pain
• Fever once in a while
• Painful, frequent or difficult urination.

Risk factors of having PID including;

• Having multiple partners
• Having sex without condom
• Douching consistently
• Having serious history of sexually transmitted infections
• Insertions of Inter uterine device (IUD)

Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease include:

• Practice safe sex
• Get tested
• Talk to doctor about contraception
• Always treat any form of infections as soon as possible
• Don’t douche because it upset the balance of good versus harmful bacteria in the vagina
• Request your partner to be tested
• Avoid multiple partners

Polycystic ovary syndrome (Pcos) is the hormonal imbalance interupt with the growth and release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation). Which means If you don’t ovulate, you can’t get pregnant. High levels of androgens interupt with the development of your eggs and the regular release of your eggs. The process we know as ovulation. If an healthy egg isn’t released, its not possible to be fertilized by sperm, which means that pregnancy can’t occur.

Having PCOS doesn’t mean you can’t get pregnant, all you need is to maintain a moderate weight, balance your blood sugar levels, and treat  PCOS symptoms with healthy lifestyle behavioural  changes and medications. In some cases, fertility medications alone can help you get pregnant and If that doesn’t work, you may need IVF treatment.

Usually, Weight loss improves the insulin resistance associated with PCOS, and for some women may improve the hormone imbalance and increase fertility so that’s why it’s advisable to maintain a healthy weight while on you Pcos medications.

Symptoms of PCOS include;

• Irregularities in your menstrual cycle
• Weight gain or difficulties in loosing weight.
• Skin tags
• Hair loss on the scalp
• Darkening of the skin particularly below the neck, underneath of the breast, in the groin
• Hirsutism: to much hair on the face, chest particularly when men use to grow hair.

Causes of Pcos include;

1. High Level of insulin: an hormones in charge of how your food intake is converted into energy, when you have insulin resistance your body cells doesn’t respond to insulin and as a result of that your blood sugar level is higher than normal. Many woman with pcos has insulin resistant, especially those who are overweight, obsese and doesn’t have a healthy way of consuming food, usually those who doesn’t engage in any physical activities, also including people with diabetes.
2. High level of androgen: androgen is a male hormones Eventhough all women makes a small amount of this hormones. women with Pcos has more androgen than normal and higher androgen level in women can prevent ovaries from releasing eggs during menstrual cycle which could leads to acne and excess hair growth which is also a symptoms of PCOS.

Prevention of PCOS include;

• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Consume food moderately in a healthy way
• Engage in Physical activities
• Eat healthy
• Treat any form of infection as soon as possible.
• Exercise and limit your carbohydrate food intake including sugar and fat.

Premature ovarian failure (POF)usually happens when your ovaries don’t produce normal amounts of the hormone estrogen or release eggs regularly. This condition often leads to infertility. When premature ovarian failure happens, your ovaries don’t produce a typical amount of hormone estrogen that is expected.

Symptoms of POF include;

• Night sweats
• Decrease in sexual drive
• Pain during sex
• vagina dryness
• Consistent irritations
• No signs of puberty in teenagers
• Irregularities in menstrual cycle
• Trouble getting pregnant
• irritability

Causes of pelvic ovarianfailure include;

• Genetic disorder such as Turner syndrome
• Autoimmune diseases
• Chromosome changes
• Unknown factors
• Toxins such as cigarette smoke intake

How to prevent POF include;

• Calcium and vitamin d supplement intake
• Regular physical activity
• Maintaining a healthy body weight
• Avoid smoking and toxins
• Keep your bone strong

Fallopian tube blockage; fallopian tubes are reproductive organs that connect the ovaries and the uterus, An egg fertilized by the sperm moves through the tube to the uterus for implantation.

If the fallopian tube is blocked, the passage for sperm to get to the eggs, as well as the path

back to the uterus for the fertilized egg is blocked which could cause infertility. Common reasons for blocked FT are scar tissue, pelvic adhesions and other various infections.

Likely causes of blocked fallopian tubes

• Endometrosis
• Sexually transmitted infections especially gonorrhea and chlamydia
• Past ectopic pregnancy
• Pelvic inflammatory infections
• Fibroids
• Past abdominal surgeries
• All this infection involve in the causes scarring

Its advisable to see your doctor as soon as you have difficulties in getting pregnant since the blockage often doesn’t cause any symptoms except trouble in getting pregnant.

Other causes of infertility in woman include;

Endometriosis, inflammation of the pelvic structures, altered immune system functioning, changes in the hormonal environment of the eggs which could affect pregnancy.

Extreme prolactin :high  levels of prolactin interfere with the normal production of other hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. Which can leads to a change or stop ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary). It can also lead to irregular or missed periods.